django 自动设置 SlugField 字段

首先我们要了解 django 字段类型 SlugField，SlugField 是一个新闻术语（通常叫做短标题）。一个 slug 只能包含字母、数字、下划线或者是连字符，通常用来作为短标签。通常它们是用来放在地址栏的 URL 里的。像 CharField 一样，你可以指定 max_length（也请参阅该部分中的有关数据库可移植性的说明和 max_length）。如果没有指定 max_length, Django 将会默认长度为 50。

我本来是用 pypinyin 在 model save 时自动填充：

from django.db import models
from pypinyin import lazy_pinyin


class Category(models.Model):
    """
    节点类别表
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True, verbose_name="类别名称")
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=128, unique=True, verbose_name="url标识符")
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="创建时间")

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.slug = slugify("-".join(lazy_pinyin(self.name)))
        super(Category, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "节点类别"
        verbose_name_plural = "节点类别列表"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

最近发现已经有轮子 django-autoslug 干了这事：

Django-autoslug is a reusable Django library that provides an improved slug field which can automatically:

1. populate itself from another field,
2. preserve uniqueness of the value and
3. use custom slugify() functions for better i18n.

The field is highly configurable.

Requirements

Python 2.7, 3.5+, or PyPy.

Django 1.7.10 or higher.

It may be possible to successfully use django-autoslug in other environments but they are not tested.

Note

PyPy3 is not officially supported only because there were some problems with permissions and __pycache__ on CI unrelated to django-autoslug itself.

Examples

A simple example:

from django.db.models import CharField, Model
from autoslug import AutoSlugField

class Article(Model):
    title = CharField(max_length=200)
    slug = AutoSlugField(populate_from='title')

More complex example:

from django.db.models import CharField, DateField, ForeignKey, Model
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from autoslug import AutoSlugField

class Article(Model):
    title = CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = DateField(auto_now_add=True)
    author = ForeignKey(User)
    slug = AutoSlugField(populate_from=lambda instance: instance.title,
                         unique_with=['author__name', 'pub_date__month'],
                         slugify=lambda value: value.replace(' ','-'))